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Diners Drive In Dive Mac OS
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Originally partially written Friday, 3 February 2006 then forgotten.
Rediscovered, finished, and originally Web posted Tuesday, 3 July 2007.
Content last modified Saturday, 9 January 2021 .
External links last verified Friday, 21 August 2015.
Focusing on version differences and how they affect compatibility
In Disk Utility select your Mac's internal drive, making sure to click on the drive and not the volume beneath it. You should see two tabs below the toolbar: First Aid and Partition. Click Partition.
Once the drive is located, select it and click the ‘+’ icon as above, and then follow the rest of the steps as usual. Automatically connect to a network drive on Mac. I mentioned earlier that you can configure macOS to automatically mount a network drive every time you start your Mac. Drive to the Best Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives Along Route 66 15 Photos 15 Best Burgers from Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives 17 Photos Best Holiday Dishes from Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives 13 Photos. 60m more Pfizer jabs secured for UK in autumn booster drive to prevent 3rd wave. IT comes ahead of the rollout extension to under-40s, expected in the next few weeks, and takes the.
Why This Page?
Computer software and hardware do not always work as expected. Having just spent the last several days (as of the originally written date above) immersed in troubleshooting related to the specific quirks of different Apple CD-ROM and Apple CD/DVD Driver versions’ interactions with specific hardware, i wanted to document my findings in case they might help others.
At present, this page deals primarily with Vintage Mac OS (pre OS X… i.e. OS 9 and earlier) issues. Should i come across any useful OS X findings, i will add them or link to them from here. I use the term “Vintage” to mean “The Mac is directly booted from OS 9 or earlier”, to distinguish from Classic: running OS 9 or earlier in emulation, booted from OS X.
Let’s get into it….
Driver Version and CD Bootability
This section deals almost exclusively with the Vintage Mac OS series, even though similar considerations likely apply to OS X. I have yet to make any bootable OS X CD, nor a home-recorded DVD of any kind. I therefore cannot cover these subtopics at this time.
What got me started on all this testing and research was a freezing problem with a new Pioneer DVR-110D DVD±RW drive, installed in a Beige G3 DT (desktop, non-tower) Mac. The freezing turned out to have two components: Power supply issues (random freezes; not covered here) and Bootable CD driver issues (repeatable, consistent freezes; discussed herein).
One particular bootable CD in my library consistently froze the Mac very early in the startup process, just before the appearance of the Happy Mac (this is an OS 9 CD). No other bootable CDs in my library did this, and this same data CD booted just fine when a different drive (CD-RW or CD-ROM) was installed in the G3!
For a CD (or DVD) to be bootable, it needs:
- Proper boot driver code for the applicable hardware and Mac OS.
- An appropriate file system structure.
- A properly installed and configured Mac OS, whose version is compatible with the Mac(s) to be booted.
- A single-session, “closed” disc.
- Insertion into a drive whose firmware allows bootability.
Since the first topic is the longest, we’ll take these out of turn…
2. An appropriate file system structure
Vintage Mac OS systems need the CD file structure to be either Mac OS Standard (HFS) or Mac OS Extended (HFS+). Note that some older versions of Toast, such as Toast Titanium 5, can only create bootable CDs with the Mac OS Standard file structure.
I have not worked with OS X enough yet to know whether it allows other file structures, such as UFS, for bootable CDs/DVDs.
3. A properly installed and configured Mac OS, whose version is compatible with the Mac(s) to be booted
In the days of the Vintage Mac OS, this was fairly easy:
- Create or copy a working Mac OS System Folder.
- Ideally, remove certain items that do not operate correctly from a locked volume.
- Drag the System Folder into the disc creation software (following its specific instructions).
- Write the disc.
I have read that the process in OS X is more difficult, and requires extra steps and precautions.
4. A single-session, “closed” disc
It might be possible to make a bootable CD with more than one session, though i have never seen one. It is required that the disc be “closed”: that is, finalized and unable to accept any further writing/sessions. Only when the disc is “closed” is all the necessary Table Of Contents information written to the disc.
In Toast, choosing “Write Disc” creates a “closed” disc.
5. Insertion into a drive whose firmware allows bootability
This appears to be much less of a problem under OS X than under the Vintage Mac OS. Nevertheless, to date, i have worked 95% with the Vintage Mac OS, and i have almost never had CD booting problems that turned out to be due to a drive’s firmware.
Drive firmware issues will not be covered here, especially since xlr8yourmac.com does such an excellent job… lightyears beyond what i could cover.
1. Proper boot driver code for the applicable hardware and Mac OS
The Driver on the CD
Macintosh computers need to load driver code off of the physical device which starts up (boots) the Mac. In the case of removable discs, that code needs to be on each bootable disc. This page restricts discussion to CDs and DVDs, though similar considerations apply to bootable MO disks, Zip disks, and other removables capable of Mac booting.
The Driver Comes From the Active System Folder used to Write the Disc
The driver code to make a CD or DVD bootable has to come from somewhere, and needs to do so during the process of writing the disc. Turns out that the best (only?) place to get legal and usable optical disc boot code is from the optical disc driver that Apple supplies inside each System Folder (at least on systems equipped with an optical drive). At least this is what Toast does.
Normally, the purpose of the Apple CD-ROM or Apple CD/DVD Driver is to load driver code during normal hard drive startup to allow an attached optical drive to operate… even though there was no disc in it at startup. Without this driver (extension in the Vintage OS), an optical drive would be unusable unless 1) It had a disc in it during Mac startup, and 2) That disc contained boot code. It so happens that this driver also contains the code needed to make an optical disc bootable. The disc writing software extracts this code from this driver, and writes it to an appropriate place on the being-created optical disc.
One might think that the disc writing software would use the Apple CD-ROM or Apple CD/DVD Driver inside the System Folder which is about to be written onto the (future) bootable disc. Wrong! At least in the case of Toast, the Apple CD-ROM or Apple CD/DVD Driver inside the active System Folder running while the disc is being created is the one used. In some cases, this may be the one and only System Folder, both running the Mac currently as the disc is being written, and also being copied onto the disc being written. In other cases, the Systems are different, and this distinction becomes critical to successful bootable disc creation!
In fact, the System Folder on the optical disc really does not need a CD-ROM nor CD/DVD Driver… unless, perhaps, a system might contain multiple optical drives: one used with the disc to boot the Mac, plus one or more others that might be used while booted from the CD.
Driver Version Table
Driver Version | Source | Beige G3 DT | IIsi | Mac Plus | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pioneer DVD±RW | Lite-On CD-RW | Apple stock CD-ROM | ||||
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.4.8 | Mac OS CPU Software 5.0 | OK | OK | OK | Sad Mac0000000F | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.4.7 | Mac OS 9.2.1 | OK | OK | OK | Sad Mac0000000F | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.4.6 | On the Mac OS 9.2.1 retail install CD (rare) | OK | OK | OK | Sad Mac0000000F | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.4.5 | Mac OS CPU Software 3.5 | not tested | not tested | not tested | not tested | not tested |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.4.4 | Disc Burner 1.0.1 software | OK | OK | OK | Sad Mac0000000F | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.4.3 | iTunes 1.0 | OK | OK | OK | Sad Mac0000000F | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.4 | Mac OS 9.1 | OK | OK | OK | Sad Mac0000000F | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.3.9 | Mac OS 9.0.4 w/ Mac OS CPU software 2.5 | Freeze | OK | OK | OK | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.3.8 | Mac OS 9.0.4 w/ Mac OS CPU software 2.3 | Freeze | OK | OK | Sad Mac0000000F or 0000000F | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.3.5 | Mac OS 9.0.4 | OK | OK | OK | OK | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.3.1 | Mac OS 9.0 | OK | OK | OK | OK | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.2.2 | Mac OS 8.6 | OK | OK | OK | OK | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.2 | Mac OS 8.5 w/ Apple DVD Software 1.1 | OK | OK | OK | OK | Flashing ? |
Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.0.1 | Mac OS 8.5 | OK | OK | OK | OK | Flashing ? |
Apple CD-ROM 5.4.2 | Mac OS 8.1 | OK | OK | OK | OK | Flashing ? |
Apple CD-ROM 5.4 | Apple CD-ROM Software 5.4 & Mac OS 8.0 | Flashing ? | Flashing ? | Flashing ? | OK | Flashing ? |
Apple CD-ROM 5.3.3 | Mac OS 7.6.1 | Flashing ? | Flashing ? | Flashing ? | OK | Flashing ? |
Apple CD-ROM 5.3.2 | CD-ROM Software 5.3.2 (rare) | Flashing ? | Flashing ? | Flashing ? | OK | OK |
Apple CD-ROM 5.3.1 | Mac OS 7.6 | Flashing ? | Flashing ? | Flashing ? | OK | OK |
Determining Driver Version
Figuring out what driver version is present on an existing written CD, whether manufactured or a CD-R or -RW “home written”, is not simple. One needs to use geeky digging and prying tools to find this information.
In fact, the only tool i know of is a program called Sedit, which looks like it may have been meant as an internal Apple tool (not sure about this). Sedit addresses SCSI drives directly, not through their driver, so it can display every data block on an optical disc in a SCSI drive. Presumably anything else which can read every block of an optical disc without going through the normal driver should be able to show the on-disc boot driver version.
If anyone knows of other tools which will show the disc driver version reliably, please let me know so i may list them here. I know that Norton Disk Editor 3.5 does Not: it can display this sort of information for hard drives, but not optical discs.
Driver Offsets
Below is a list of hexadecimal ($) block offsets from the absolute first block of various CDs i have and have made, as shown in Sedit 1.2. “Toast-made” refers to all CDs i have recorded with Toast Titanium 5.2.3. “Apple CD tool” represents discs i happen to know were written by a special internal-use Apple tool circa 1997 when i worked at Apple (the Apple discs where i verified this driver offset and the driver versions all date to right around that time). The other listings reference specific Apple-made discs, with the OS discs being the “retail boxed” versions of those specific OSes.
- Toast-made: SCSI: $16. ATAPI: $34.
- Apple CD tool: SCSI: $10. ATAPI: $30. (original PowerMac 9600/8600 CD-ROM is one example)
- OS 9.2.1, OS 10.2: SCSI: $1E. ATAPI: $4F.
- OS 9.1: SCSI: $1E. ATAPI: $4A.
- OS 8.0: SCSI: $31. ATAPI: $58.
- Mac Test Pro: SCSI: $31. ATAPI: $5D.
Here is what the Sedit display looks like on a Toast-made CD-R:
Here we can see that the disc has SCSI driver version 1.4.8 on it
Here we see that the same disc has ATAPI driver version 1.4.8 on it.
In this instance, both the SCSI and ATAPI driver versions are identical. This is not always the case at all… sometimes the versions are very different!
Driver Version Conclusions
Recommended Versions
- • Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.4.8
- Looks like the one to use for all Power Macs, and at least OS 8.5 to 9.2.2, if not also earlier.
- • Apple CD/DVD Driver 1.3.5
- Probably the best choice for 68040 and 68030 Macs, maybe 68020s as well. Should work with these and all newer Beige Macs, with any OSes those machines can use from System 7.5 (or maybe 7.0) up to at least 9.0.4.
- • Apple CD-ROM 5.4.2
- If, for some reason, CD/DVD Driver 1.3.5 is problematic on 680x0 Macs and/or OSes 8.1 or earlier, try this mature, stable version.
- • Apple CD-ROM 5.3.2 (if you can find it) or 5.3.1
- Only for those who need or want to support the original 68000 Macs, like the Mac Plus. Should support most or all 680x0 Macs. Do not expect it to support many PPC Macs, except maybe the earliest ones (“G1” [NuBus] and “G2” [first PCIs]).
Apple CD-ROM 5.3.1 Controls All
In recent times, esp. in OS X, the stock Apple driver successfully controls a wider range of optical drives, both stock Apple-shipped and 3rd. party not used by Apple. I have not (yet?) done testing to determine what, if any, restrictions still remain, nor when restrictions started to be loosened up.
Back in the mid-1990s, Apple was using SCSI CD-ROM drives. The Apple CD-ROM driver would look for Apple code in the drive’s firmware, otherwise it would ignore the drive and not control it.
Apple CD-ROM 5.3.1 is a special driver from that era: it does not look for Apple code in the drive’s firmware, and will attempt to control any attached CD-ROM drive.
This page is not going to get into the history of this situation: Accident? On purpose to support Mac clones? Reason for reverting to withdrawing universal drive support? I mostly want to make sure that anyone using these decade-plus old systems (when this page was originally written) knows of the existence of this driver version, in case they have no other driver to control their older 3rd. party drive.
There used to be a very nice article on ResExcellence regarding hacking any of quite a few versions of Apple’s CD/DVD or CD-ROM driver so that they would attempt to control all possible drives. I am not even linking to the information vacuum that is currently at www.resexcellence.com as it seems so hopeless and worthless (early July 2007). Smart cookies will know how to find the textual content, which should be sufficient. Personally, i would not bother, since some folks with newer systems will most likely be happy to give away their copies of old CD drivers from FWB etc. which were designed for all optical drives. Or just move to OS X and make the point moot.
Other Sites
- DGM for Mac OS
- This page, dedicated to helping Mac folks play some Discipline Global Mobile releases, also has an excellent Apple CD/DVD Driver discussion, and many drivers available for downloading to help resolve issues.
- Mac Driver Museum’s Disk, CD-ROM Drivers page (link goes to mirror at 3rz.org)
- Site correspondent M A points out this excellent source for Apple CD-ROM 5.3.2 and 5.3.1, and some other amazing old drivers. (Thanks, M A!)
I hope you’ve found something here helpful. I welcome your comments and suggestions.
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Usually, the internal hard drive for a Mac is the startup disk or boot drive. It not only loads the operating system but also stores data. Therefore, it is frustrating if your Mac doesn't recognize the internal hard drive.
When Mac can't find the internal hard drive, you'll see a folder with Question Mark on Mac startup. Then, your Mac won't turn on at all. Consequently, you can't access important files, like documents, emails, videos, on your Mac. They are facing a high risk of loss.
Don't worry. This article will help you recover data from your internal hard drive. Besides, it also provides 4 feasible solutions for fixing Mac not recognizing the internal hard drive issue.
Recover files from your internal hard drive not recognized by Mac
Note: Any operations you'll do on Mac to fix the unrecognized internal hard drive, may write new data to the drive and overwrite the original one. Hence, data recovery is the priority.
Hurry up! Watch this video to get an intuitive guide for recovering data from your unbootable Mac.
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iBoysoft Mac Data Recovery is the professional and secure Mac data recovery software. It supports recovering data, like videos, documents, photos, emails, from an unbootable Mac (including the T2-secured Mac).
This software is compatible with macOS Big Sur/Catalina/Mojave/High Sierra/Sierra and OS X 10.11/10.10/10.9/10.8/10.7.
As the Mac is unbootable, you need to run iBoysoft Data Recovery for Mac in macOS Recovery mode. If you don't want to watch the detailed steps, you can watch the video above instead.
Case 1: The internal hard drive is recognized by Disk Utility in macOS Recovery
If your Mac doesn't recognize the internal hard drive or it not being found, macOS Recovery mode can help you do some checks and repairs.
macOS Recovery is part of the built-in recovery system of your Mac. When Mac won't boot, macOS Recovery mode supplies you an entrance to macOS Utilities.
To boot an Intel-based Mac into macOS Recovery mode:
- 1. Press the power button for seconds to shut down your Mac.
- 2. Restart the Mac and meanwhile, hold the Command + R keys. Release the keys until you see the Apple logo.
Note: If the above key combinations not working, keep your Mac connected to the Internet. You can hold down Option + Command + R keys when restarting your Mac to enter into Internet Recovery mode. You'll see the spinning globe instead of the Apple logo.
For an M1 Mac, the way to enter macOS Recovery mode on M1 Mac is different.
Under Mac Recovery mode, checking if you can find the hard drive in Disk Utility.
This really matters because if you can see the internal hard drive in Disk Utility, your internal hard drive has no hardware problems. Then, you can try the following solutions to fix the internal hard drive that can't be recognized by Mac.
- Repair the internal hard drive with First Aid
- Try to boot Mac in Safe Mode
- Recover data, erase the internal hard drive, and reinstall macOS
- Replace the internal hard disk if it's dead
Solution 1: Repair the internal hard drive with First Aid
In macOS Recovery, you can use the First Aid utility to repair certain logical errors on the internal hard drive that may cause it can't be recognized or found.
- Get to macOS/Mac OS X Utilities, select Disk Utility, and then click Continue.
- Select the internal hard drive that Mac doesn't recognize, and click First Aid to check and repair errors on this drive. You can also check the volumes on the drive one by one.
Solution 2: Reselect the startup disk in macOS Recovery mode
macOS Recovery mode, the built-in recovery system of your Mac, allows you to reselect the boot volume when your Mac not recognizing the hard drive at first.
- Click on the Apple logo at the upper left. Then, select Startup Disk.
- Reselect the correct Mac startup disk that holds a macOS.
- Click Restart.
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Then, wait for moment to check if your Mac can reboot up.
Solution 3: Recover data, erase the internal hard drive, & reinstall macOS
If the internal hard drive is not recognized by your Mac still, then the file system of this internal hard drive could have corrupted.
As the internal hard drive can't be found, is there any other way that you can access the data on this unrecognizable hard disk?
Of course. You can recover lost data from this unrecognizable internal hard disk with iBoysoft Data Recovery Software for Mac. This method is greatly recommended because it is easier and more effective.
After recovering files, it’s time to erase your Mac.
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- Click Disk Utility in macOS Recovery mode.
- Select the macOS volume and click Erase.
Note: For macOS Catalina / macOS Big Sur, you should right-click the Macintosh HD - Data (or macOS - Data) volume and click 'Delete APFS Volume'. Then, select the Macintosh HD (or macOS) volume and click 'Erase'.
- Set a name, choose APFS in the Format: box. Then, click Erase.
Do nothing else with your Mac until the erasure process finished.
After your startup disk is erased, carry on reinstalling macOS.
- Go back to the macOS/Mac OS X Utilities window and choose Reinstall macOS.
- Follow the onscreen instructions to reinstall macOS.
The macOS reinstallation will cost some time. Then, your internal hard drive could be recognized and your Mac can boot up again. Of course, the internal hard drive will show up on Mac again.
Case 2: The internal hard drive can't be recognized by Disk Utility in macOS Recovery
However, if your Mac can't find the hard drive or not recognizing it even in macOS Recovery mode, you won't find the Mac hard drive in Disk Utility. This internal hard drive might have some hardware problems.
The only way is to send it to a local repair store. Since the internal hard drive that can't be recognized by the Mac has hardware issues, you can't recover data from it. Therefore, backing up your Mac at regular intervals is very necessary.
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Conclusion
When your Mac doesn't recognize the internal hard drive, you can't access your Mac. At that time, all data on your Mac has a high risk of loss. Hurry up to recover files from your Mac with iBoysoft Mac Recovery software. And then, try the solutions mentioned in this post to fix your Mac.
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